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The basic introduction of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is an analytical technique that combines ICP technology with mass spectrometry. ICP-MS is an inorganic element and isotope analysis and testing technology developed in the 1980s. It combines the high-temperature ionization characteristics of inductively coupled plasma with the advantages of sensitive and rapid scanning of mass spectrometer with unique interface technology to form a high-sensitivity analysis technology. Since the advent of the first commercial instrument in 1984, this technology has been rapidly developed from the initial application in geological science research to widely used in materials, chemical industry, biology, medicine, metallurgy, petroleum, environment and other

The basic concept of thermogravimetric (TG) analysis   Thermogravimetric analysis It is a technique that measures the relationship between the mass of a substance and temperature or time under a programmed temperature. By analyzing the thermogravimetric curve, we can determine the composition, thermal stability, thermal decomposition of the sample, and its possible intermediate products, as well as information related to the product’s quality. The applications of thermogravimetric analysis are primarily in metal alloys, geology, polymer materials research, and pharmaceutical research. Derivative thermogravimetric analysis is derived from thermogravimetric analysis and involves recording the first derivative of the TG curve with respect to temperature or time. The experimental result is the derivative

1. What is High Power Pulse Characterization (HPPC) testing? 1.1 Definition of HPPC testing High Power Pulse Characterization (HPPC) testing is a widely accepted method for assessing battery performance. It involves applying a high power pulse current to the battery, mimicking real-world operating conditions. This technique effectively evaluates key battery parameters such as power characteristics, energy density, internal resistance, and dynamic performance. HPPC testing is extensively utilized in electric vehicles, grid energy storage systems, and consumer electronics.   Figure1 HPPC test profile 1.2 Historical background of the HPPC test HPPC testing emerged from the need to deeply understand battery performance in electric vehicles, with the goal of replicating the various

The importance of high precision in battery testing   In battery testing, precision is of utmost importance and should not be underestimated. It directly impacts the accuracy and reliability of battery performance evaluations. High-precision testing equipment can swiftly detect signals indicative of battery performance, thereby enabling more effective and accurate long-term predictions. Through high-precision testing, subtle trends and nuances in battery performance can be observed, which may serve as the earliest indicators of battery degradation. In battery modules and packs, the consistency among individual batteries is critical to the overall reliability and lifespan of the system. High-precision testing can help identify and mitigate performance disparities between batteries. During battery manufacturing,

IEC 60086-4 IEC 60086-4 Standard Overview IEC 60086-4 is a standard established by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), officially titled “Primary batteries – Part 4: Safety requirements for lithium batteries.” This standard outlines the safety testing and requirements for primary lithium batteries to ensure their safe operation during both intended use and foreseeable misuse scenarios. It is applicable to both standardized and non-standardized primary lithium batteries and covers aspects such as battery design, quality planning, sampling, testing, and safety warnings. The IEC 60086-4:2019 edition was published on April 25, 2019, replacing the previous 2014 edition. This updated version includes several technical revisions, such as: Modifications to explosion criteria. Addition of